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This list contains discussions and essays I have written over the years. Most have never been shared. They represent my thoughts and interpretations. Many are works in progress and will be updated as I continue the work. They are often suggested by a friend's question. As I ponder my response, I write down my thoughts. These are the results. They are being shared here after encouragement from other readers. Please read patiently.
Psalm 102: The Afflicted One Who Laid the Foundations of the Earth
The official heading printed over Psalm 102 already tells the reader what the psalm is about: “The psalmist offers a prayer of the afflicted. Zion will be built up when the Lord appears in His glory. Though the heaven and earth perish, the Lord who created them will endure forever.”
Reproach Hath Broken My Heart
If you feel you are in mire with no standing, the point of Psalm 69 is not that you should be embarrassed by that feeling. The point is that Christ has already been there. If you are still carrying a reproach He already absorbed, you may lay it down.
Utah’s Window into the Global Flood
The rocks of Utah, like the rocks of the Grand Canyon and so many other places we have visited, keep pointing us back to that hope. Keep studying the evidence. It all testifies of Him.
The Flawed Council of Nicaea
The striking lack of biblical foundation for its key formulations only underscores how thoroughly the outcome rested on human reasoning, imported philosophy, political necessity, and institutional power rather than on the plain teaching of scripture.
The Bible's Harmony: Addressing Proposed Inconsistencies with Faithful Eyes
Faithful scholarship, drawing on careful exegesis, knowledge of ancient Near Eastern storytelling practices, and a high view of Scripture, has repeatedly shown that these difficulties are not fatal flaws. They are invitations to dig deeper.
The Younger Dryas: Rapid Oscillations in Earth’s Climate Recovery After the Flood
The Younger Dryas is simply one of the prominent climate oscillations that occurred while the earth was recovering from those Flood conditions.
The RNA-First Theory: Why It Cannot Work and Why God’s Design Still Stands
The failure of the RNA world hypothesis does not leave us without an answer. It leaves us with the answer the Bible has always given: life began by the word of the living God. The same Creator who formed the first cells continues to hold all things together, and in Christ we find both the origin of life and the hope of new life
The Nations in the Hand of God: How the Civilizations of the Ancient World Shaped the Path of Israel
From the first page of Genesis to the closing vision of Revelation, the Bible presents history as the purposeful work of the living God. He creates, He judges, He scatters, He gathers, and He directs the rise and fall of every nation so that His redemptive plan moves steadily forward.
Ancient Persia, Modern Iran, and the Hope of Israel’s Restoration
We love opening the Scriptures and watching the same God who formed the earth in six days and preserved Noah through the global Flood continue to move through the pages of history. Few chapters of that history are more striking than the rise of ancient Persia.
The Quiet Hand of God
The Book of Esther is not a story of God’s absence. It is a story of the Quiet Hand of God, gently placing the players, guiding events, and accomplishing deliverance without speaking a word.
The Mystery of Multicellular Life: Design, Not Necessity
Single-celled life shows His power in the simplest forms. Multicellular life displays His creativity in coordinated systems that work together in harmony. Both point us to the One who designed it all. In a world still marked by the effects of the Fall and the Flood...
The Illusion of Accelerating Expansion
As you look up at the night sky, the redshift you see is not proof of billions of years; it is the lingering echo of the moment the Creator hammered out the firmament, stretched out the heavens by His understanding, and scattered and organized the cosmos in a single week.
Written in Our Genes
The story of humanity is not a collection of disconnected scenes. It is the unfolding of one family under the sovereignty of God, from the ark to the ends of the earth, and ultimately to the gathering of the redeemed in Christ.
Beauty That Silences Evolution
The beauty that surrounds us is not a problem for the biblical record. It is one of its strongest confirmations. The same God who painted the reefs and fashioned the peacock’s train is the God who entered His own creation in the person of Jesus Christ, offering redemption and the hope of a renewed world where every form of beauty will find its perfect fulfillment.
I Am Doing a Great Work and Cannot Come Down
Sunday School Lesson, August 2, 2026.
Snow, Ice, and the Voice of the Almighty: Cold Weather in the Book of Job
When we open the Book of Job, we step into the earliest written book of the Bible by date of authorship. Long before Moses recorded Genesis, the account of Job was already circulating among the people of God. Its setting reaches back to the patriarchal age, not far removed from the great Flood itself.
Held Together by Design
When we look at laminin we can rightly marvel at both the silhouette and the substance. The cruciform outline is interesting. The engineering that makes the molecule work is astonishing.
Pure Salt Beds: Silent Witnesses to Noah’s Global Flood
These silent beds of pure salt are not merely geological curiosities. They are monuments to the faithfulness of God’s Word.
The Stones of the Breastplate and the Tribes of Israel
Whether ordered by birth, by mother, by camp, or by color, the memorial function was the same. Every tribe of Israel was known, remembered, and represented before the God who called them by name.
The 153 Fish
If you have ever felt your own nets empty after a long night of labor, remember the 153. The Lord knows the number. He knows your name. He is still speaking: “Cast the net.” And when the catch comes in, you will discover what the disciples discovered at dawn on the Sea of Galilee: every last one is accounted for, and not one is lost.
Modern Genetics Confirms We All Came from Noah
The genetic data do not invent a new story. They confirm the old one. The same Scriptures that tell us of Creation, Corruption, Catastrophe, and Confusion also give us the genealogy that modern DNA has now traced in remarkable detail. From Noah’s family the nations spread.
Elijah and the Widow’s Son
Sunday School Lesson, July 5, 2026
Chalk: A Global Flood Reminder Written in Stone
Chalk layers are not anomalies requiring millions of years of special conditions. They are exactly what we would expect from the violent, global-scale disruption of ocean chemistry and biology during the Flood, followed by rapid burial and lithification.
The Earth’s Magnetic Field
The Earth’s magnetic field, core dynamics (including its pre-Flood water content), and heat budget beautifully integrate with Scripture and observational data in a young-earth model.
The Astonishing Preservation of Dinosaur Soft Tissue: Evidence of a Recent Flood Catastrophe
A proposed mechanism for the profound preservation in dinosaur bones.
Evaluating the "Silurian Hypothesis"
The “bold theory” of a Silurian-level civilization may capture headlines, but the even bolder, and historically grounded, reality is the preflood world and the Flood that reshaped our planet because of sin.
The Kinsman-Redeemer in the Book of Ruth
Sunday School Lesson, June 7, 2026
Ruthenium in Hawaiian Lava Flows
Findings like the Hawaiian ruthenium traces remind us that observable geology today, mantle plumes carrying deep material, echoes the far greater activity of the Flood.
Consciousness: Breathed by the Creator
Consciousness calls us to humility before our Creator and to wonder at the gift we have received. It points us to the God who offers not simulation, but genuine relationship, redemption, and eternal life in Christ Jesus.
Weighing the Earth
From Cavendish’s laboratory to satellite orbits, from seismic waves to the fountains of the deep, every measurement of Earth’s mass and core points back to the God of the Bible.
Dembski and Marks on the Conservation of Information
When science itself declares that information requires intelligence, we are reminded once again that it is “OK to believe.” God keeps His promises. His Word stands firm. The evidence in the rocks, in the genes, and now in the mathematics of information theory all converge on one glorious truth: “For by Him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible… all things were created through Him and for Him” (Colossians 1:16).
Nephi’s “great many thousand years”
Both internal Book of Mormon parallels and Hebrew linguistic patterns make “approximately 4,000 years” a fully plausible reading of what Nephi intended. The phrase is rhetorical emphasis on deep antiquity, not a demand for tens or hundreds of thousands of years.
Coal Formation and the Global Flood
The coal beneath our feet is not evidence of slow, uniform processes over eons. It is a monument to God’s judgment and mercy, the same Flood that destroyed a wicked world also preserved the remains of His once-lush creation for us to study today.
Has God Rejected His People?
Romans 11:1, along with its linguistic force, broader scriptural covenants, historical setting, and the witness of restoration theology, confirms that replacement theology finds no support in Scripture. God faithfully remembers the genetic descendants of Abraham with irrevocable promises and literal gathering. He also extends mercy to every descendant of Adam and Noah through the gospel.
Satan’s Alternate Histories
The biblical account stands as the only history that is internally consistent, prophetically verified, and archaeologically supported when examined without anti-supernatural bias. Jesus Himself affirmed the Flood as literal history (Matthew 24:37-39; Luke 17:26-27), using it as a warning for His return.
Say to This Mountain
While the primary thrust is spiritual (faith accessing God’s miracle-working power), the historical setting, Roman presence, pagan temples carved into the mountain, and landscape-altering public works, infuses the saying with quiet defiance. True faith in the living God can “move” the greatest obstacles, including oppressive empires, not by human might but by divine decree.
Kīlauea Awakens
Recent Hawaiian Volcanism as a Window into Flood-Formed Mega-Plumes and Global Intraplate Activity
AI: A Modern Tower of Babel
AI is our Tower of Babel moment, a test of whether humanity will bow before the God who scatters proud builders or persist in self-deification, now armed with silicon and code instead of bricks and bitumen.
The Craton Record
God’s Unshakable Evidence for the Pre-Flood Supercontinent and Noah’s Global Flood
Polonium: Proof the Earth Was Formed in 3 Minutes!
Robert Gentry's discovery of polonium radiohalos in granite provides a compelling scientific case that the Earth's continental crust and, by extension, the planet's foundational structure formed with extraordinary speed, potentially in mere minutes.
Entropy's Hold on Creation
Man’s genetic information, after 6,000 years of entropy, stands as powerful evidence that we live in a fallen world that one day will be gloriously “set free from its bondage to decay” (Romans 8:21).
The Historicity of “Reformed Egyptian”
Papyrus Amherst 63 and the broader archaeological record provide compelling historical parallels to the Book of Mormon’s description of “reformed Egyptian."
The Waters of the Deep
The primordial waters of the Deep, hammered into the raqia, stretched across the cosmos, and sovereignly organized into celestial bodies, demonstrate God’s absolute authority over every detail of creation.
God Works Through Imperfect People and Broken Households
Sunday School Lesson, March 1, 2026
Joseph in Egypt: A Type and Shadow of the Savior
Sunday School Lesson, March 15, 2026
Deuteronomy 29-30: Have You Had Enough?
Sunday School Lesson, May 17, 2026
The Wisdom of Withheld Knowledge
He expects us to walk by faith, not by exhaustive explanation. This principle fosters humility, curbs contention, and channels our energy into the work that matters most: becoming like the Savior, keeping covenants, and helping others come unto Christ.
The Gospel Encoded in “Bereshit”
Joseph Smith’s Teachings Expanding the Traditional Doctrine of Creation Ex Nihilo
Spirit as Refined Matter
Joseph Smith’s Teachings Expanding the Traditional Doctrine of Creation Ex Nihilo
Moses 3:5-7 Harmonizes with the Expanded Doctrine of Creation
The spiritual creation in refined matter (Bulk or heaven) precedes and undergirds the natural, coarse creation (Brane or earth).
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